Types of septic tanks that are often used in the house

Conventionally, all treatment facilities for the home can be divided into 3 groups:

Accumulation tanks – it does not matter what they will be made of, their function is the same – to accumulate sewage in themselves before the arrival of the sewer truck. Relatively cheap, easy to install, maintenance-free. The use is limited by the useful volume of the tank, hence the need for economical use of water and linking to the services of sewers. It is inconvenient and expensive. They are used only when soil and other conditions do not allow the installation of structures from the following two groups;
Sedimentation tanks – multi-section tanks that do not require an electrical connection for settling waste water and their anaerobic purification. Microbiological purification processes proceed slowly in an oxygen-depleted environment.

The water at the outlet has a characteristic odor and is purified by a maximum of 60%, so it must be purified. For this, fields or filtration wells are used: wastewater seeps through the soil layer, after which it does not pose a threat to the environment.

The sedimentation tanks are simple and affordable, but demanding to maintain. They must be periodically cleaned of the accumulated sediment, and the filtration field must be redone every 5 years. This solution is not suitable for a high groundwater table and soil with poor flow capacity, for example, clay;

Aeration stations – are the most advanced sewerage systems for cleaning households. drains. In the process of settling, aeration and the use of microorganisms, the drains are cleared by more than 90%, have no odor, they can be drained into roadside ditches. However, such stations require connection to the mains, their efficiency suffers during power outages. Plus, they are expensive and need qualified service.

It should be noted that the volume of a septic tank is the sum of the volumes of all its chambers. Also, the volume is calculated from the bottom to the level of the pipe. For the first chamber – from the bottom to the overflow pipe between the chambers, and for the second chamber – to the drain pipe to a drainage well or to filtration fields.

It should also be borne in mind that in the first chamber the average height of solid deposits will be 20% of the chamber height. This volume must also be subtracted from the calculations if we are talking only about the liquid component.